Multiple-valued current-mode (MVCM) circuits
   In recent advanced VLSI using devices with very fine geometry, the number of transistors per integrated circuit has an exponential growth and reach to 1 billion, while the technology trend leads to higher power dissipation and interconnect complexity causes performance degradation rather than delay of an active device.
   One of the useful solutions for the above increasing power-dissipation and interconnect problems is to use multiple-valued current-mode (MVCM) circuits that have a potential advantage to reduce the wiring complexity and the number of active devices in side special-purpose VLSI chips, such as arithmetic applications because frequently used linear sum operations are performed simply by just wiring with no active devices, so that the resulting arithmetic circuits become simple and make it possible to reduce delay, power and area Moreover, the use of dynamic logic style makes the steady current flow cut off, which results in great reduction of the power dissipation.